{"title":"Julian","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe works of \u003cstrong\u003eJulian\u003c\/strong\u003e offer a profound exploration of spirituality interwoven with rich cultural insights. Readers will find a contemplative journey through themes of faith, mysticism, and the human experience, brought to life with a graceful and reflective tone.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eRooted in \u003cem\u003eReligion \u0026amp; Spirituality\u003c\/em\u003e and expressed through the lens of \u003cem\u003eArts \u0026amp; Culture\u003c\/em\u003e, Julian’s volumes invite thoughtful reflection and inspire a deeper understanding of both the sacred and the artistic dimensions of life.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"julian-volume-i-by-julian-9780674990142","title":"Julian, Volume I","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"book-description\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eJulian, Volume I\u003c\/i\u003e follows the life of Julian (Flavius Claudius Iulianus), known as \"the Apostate\". He was a Roman Emperor who lived from 331 or 332 to 363 CE. Born and educated as a Christian in Constantinople, Julian survived a precarious childhood and later devoted himself to literature and philosophy, eventually converting to paganism. He studied in various Greek cities, enriching his theological perspectives.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn 355, Julian was summoned from Athens by his cousin, Emperor Constantius, to the court at Milan. There, he was titled \"Caesar\" and appointed as the governor of Gaul. As governor, Julian restored prosperity and good governance to Gaul following the devastation caused by the Alamanni, whom he defeated at the Battle of Strassburg in 357, along with other Germanic tribes. Between 357 and 361, tensions rose as Julian's soldiers, unwilling to serve in the East under Constantius's orders, nearly sparked a conflict between the two. However, Constantius's death in 361 allowed Julian to become the sole Emperor of the Roman world.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eAs Emperor, Julian initiated numerous reforms and proclaimed universal religious toleration, although he advocated for the revival of older pagan practices. In 362–363, Julian prepared in Constantinople and later in Antioch for an expedition against Persia, ruled by Shapur II. Tragically, he died from a wound received in a desperate battle.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eJulian's surviving works, all written in Greek, are collected in the Loeb Classical Library across three volumes. The eight \u003ci\u003eOrations\u003c\/i\u003e (1-5 in \u003ci\u003eVolume I\u003c\/i\u003e, 6-8 in \u003ci\u003eVolume II\u003c\/i\u003e) include two orations praising Constantius, one for Constantius's wife Eusebia, and two theosophical hymns or declamations, offering insights into neo-Platonism, Mithraism, and the cult of the Magna Mater in the Roman world.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eAlso in \u003ci\u003eVolume II\u003c\/i\u003e are the satirical works, \u003ci\u003eCaesars\u003c\/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003eMisopogon\u003c\/i\u003e (Beard-hater). \u003ci\u003eThe Letters\u003c\/i\u003e, more than eighty in total, are presented in \u003ci\u003eVolume III\u003c\/i\u003e. These include edicts or rescripts, many concerning Christians, encyclical or pastoral letters to priests, and private correspondence. Finally, \u003ci\u003eVolume III\u003c\/i\u003e offers the fragments of Julian's work \u003ci\u003eAgainst the Galilaeans\u003c\/i\u003e, which was written primarily to argue that the Old Testament lacks evidence for the foundational ideas of Christianity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Unknown","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47486145986796,"sku":"9780674990142","price":94.0,"currency_code":"NZD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0705\/7784\/8556\/files\/d17ba9990c687f028dccda7fca4da1b4.jpg?v=1775779937"},{"product_id":"julian-volume-ii-by-julian-9780674990326","title":"Julian, Volume II","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"book-description\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eJulian, Volume II\u003c\/em\u003e by Julian recounts the life of Julian (Flavius Claudius Iulianus) \"the Apostate\", a Roman Emperor who lived from 331 or 332 to 363 CE. Born and educated in Constantinople as a Christian, Julian's early years were marked by precariousness, influencing his devotion to literature and philosophy. Eventually, he embraced paganism, studying in various Greek cities.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn 355, his cousin, Emperor Constantius, summoned him from Athens to the court in Milan, granting him the title of \"Caesar\" and appointing him governor of Gaul. Julian successfully restored prosperity and effective governance to Gaul after the devastation caused by the Alamanni, whom he defeated at the battle of Strassburg in 357, along with other Germanic tribes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eBetween 357 and 361, tensions with his troops nearly sparked a conflict with Constantius, who had ordered Julian's soldiers to serve in the East. However, Constantius's death in 361 allowed Julian to become the sole Emperor of the Roman world. As Emperor, he initiated numerous reforms and declared universal religious toleration while promoting the restoration of traditional pagan worship.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn the years 362–363, Julian prepared for an expedition against Persia, ruled by Shapur II, first in Constantinople and then in Antioch. Unfortunately, he succumbed to a fatal wound sustained during a desperate battle.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eJulian's extant works, written in Greek, are contained within three volumes of the Loeb Classical Library. The collection includes eight \u003cem\u003eOrations\u003c\/em\u003e (with 1-5 in Volume I, and 6-8 in \u003cem\u003eJulian, Volume II\u003c\/em\u003e) featuring pieces in praise of Constantius and his wife Eusebia, alongside two theosophical hymns or declamations relevant for studies in neo-Platonism, Mithraism, and the cult of the Magna Mater in the Roman world.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe satirical works, \u003cem\u003eCaesars\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eMisopogon\u003c\/em\u003e (\"Beard-hater\"), are also part of Volume II. \u003cem\u003eThe Letters\u003c\/em\u003e (over eighty in number, contained in Volume III) comprise edicts or rescripts, many concerning Christians, as well as encyclical or pastoral letters to priests and private correspondences. Also included in Volume III are fragments of \u003cem\u003eAgainst the Galilaeans\u003c\/em\u003e (the Christians), in which Julian argues against the notion that Christianity finds support in the Old Testament.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Unknown","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47603008307436,"sku":"9780674990326","price":94.0,"currency_code":"NZD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0705\/7784\/8556\/files\/9780674990326-julian-volume-ii.jpg?v=1778052640"},{"product_id":"julian-volume-iii-by-julian-9780674991736","title":"Julian, Volume III","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"book-description\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJulian (Flavius Claudius Iulianus), known as \"the Apostate\", was a Roman Emperor who lived from 331 or 332 to 363 CE. Born and educated in Constantinople as a Christian, he survived a precarious childhood and later dedicated himself to literature and philosophy, ultimately converting to paganism. His studies spanned various Greek cities.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn 355, his cousin, Emperor Constantius, summoned him from Athens to the court at Milan, entitled him \"Caesar\", and appointed him as the governor of Gaul. Julian restored Gaul to prosperity and efficient governance after it had suffered from the ravages of the Alamanni—whom he defeated at the battle of Strassburg in 357—along with other Germanic tribes. Between 357 and 361, Julian's soldiers, refusing to follow orders to serve in the East, almost led Julian into conflict with Constantius. However, Constantius died in 361, allowing Julian to become the sole Emperor of the Roman Empire.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eHe initiated many reforms and declared universal religious tolerance while advocating for the revival of older pagan rituals. In 362–363, Julian prepared for an expedition against Persia, ruled by Shapur II, from Constantinople and later Antioch. Tragically, he perished from a wound received in a desperate battle.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eJulian's extant works, all in Greek, are preserved in the Loeb Classical Library across three volumes. Although his \u003cem\u003eCommentaries\u003c\/em\u003e on his western campaigns are lost, his surviving works include eight \u003cem\u003eOrations\u003c\/em\u003e (1-5 in Volume I, 6-8 in Volume II). These comprise two orations praising Constantius, one for Constantius's wife Eusebia, and two theosophical hymns or declamations. These are significant for the study of neo-Platonism, Mithraism, and the cult of the Magna Mater in the Roman world.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe satirical works \u003cem\u003eCaesars\u003c\/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eMisopogon\u003c\/em\u003e (Beard-hater) also appear in Volume II. \u003cem\u003eThe Letters\u003c\/em\u003e (more than eighty, Volume III) encompass edicts or rescripts, mainly concerning Christians, as well as encyclical or pastoral letters to priests, and private letters. Lastly, Volume III includes the fragments of \u003cem\u003eAgainst the Galilaeans\u003c\/em\u003e (the Christians), a work primarily intended to argue that the Old Testament provides insufficient evidence for the premise of Christianity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Unknown","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":47932296429804,"sku":"9780674991736","price":94.0,"currency_code":"NZD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0705\/7784\/8556\/files\/9780674991736-julian-volume-iii.jpg?v=1783858414"}],"url":"https:\/\/bookhero.pro\/collections\/julian.oembed","provider":"Book Hero","version":"1.0","type":"link"}